Grant reference 2019FY101002 from the Special Foundation for National Science and Technology Basic Research Program of China, and grant reference 42271433 from the National Natural Science Foundation of China, facilitated the research.

A significant number of children below the age of five with excess weight points towards the existence of early-life risk factors. Preconception and pregnancy represent pivotal stages for the development and execution of strategies aimed at mitigating childhood obesity. Early-life studies have often addressed individual factors in isolation; the combined impact of parental lifestyle elements has been explored only in a limited number of investigations. We sought to investigate the absence of information in the literature concerning parental lifestyle during preconception and pregnancy and its association with the probability of overweight in children beyond five years of age.
The process of harmonization and interpretation was applied to data originating from four European mother-offspring cohorts—EDEN (1900 families), Elfe (18000 families), Lifeways (1100 families), and Generation R (9500 families). NG25 Parents of all participating children provided written informed consent. Lifestyle factor data, sourced from questionnaires, included such elements as parental smoking status, body mass index, gestational weight gain, dietary habits, physical activity routines, and patterns of sedentary behavior. To ascertain multiple lifestyle patterns in both preconception and pregnancy, we performed principal component analyses. The study's assessment of the association between their affiliation with child BMI z-scores and the risk of overweight (including obesity and overweight, as categorized by the International Task Force) involved cohort-specific multivariable linear and logistic regression models, while accounting for confounding variables such as parental age, education level, employment, geographic origin, parity, and household income, specifically for children between the ages of 5 and 12.
Across the diverse lifestyle patterns observed in all cohorts, two consistently correlated with variance: high parental smoking in conjunction with low maternal diet quality, or high maternal inactivity, and high parental BMI accompanied by low gestational weight gain. Observations indicated a significant relationship between parental lifestyle habits, including elevated BMI, smoking, poor diet, or lack of exercise during or before pregnancy, and greater BMI z-scores as well as a higher risk of overweight and obesity in children between the ages of 5 and 12 years.
Insights gleaned from our data suggest possible correlations between parental lifestyle habits and the risk of children becoming obese. NG25 Future preventative measures for childhood obesity, grounded in family-based and multi-behavioral approaches, stand to gain substantial value from these findings, especially during early life.
The European Joint Programming Initiative for a Healthy Diet and a Healthy Life (JPI HDHL, EndObesity), alongside the European Union's Horizon 2020 program through the ERA-NET Cofund action (reference 727565), is a collaborative effort.
The European Joint Programming Initiative A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life (JPI HDHL, EndObesity), along with the European Union's Horizon 2020 program, specifically the ERA-NET Cofund action (reference 727565), showcases a multi-faceted approach to addressing key issues.

Mothers diagnosed with gestational diabetes may face a heightened risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes, a risk that extends to their offspring, spanning two generations. Preventing gestational diabetes necessitates culturally tailored strategies. BANGLES' study investigated how women's pre-conception diets were related to the risk of developing gestational diabetes.
The BANGLES study, a prospective observational investigation involving 785 women, was conducted in Bangalore, India, enrolling participants at 5-16 weeks of gestation, demonstrating varying socioeconomic levels. To evaluate periconceptional diet at recruitment, a validated 224-item food frequency questionnaire was employed, subsequently simplified to 21 food groups for the analysis of diet and gestational diabetes, and 68 food groups for a principal component analysis of dietary patterns and gestational diabetes. The connection between diet and gestational diabetes was examined through multivariate logistic regression, which included adjustments for pre-determined confounders identified in the scientific literature. Gestational diabetes was assessed at 24-28 weeks' gestation via a 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test, employing the 2013 World Health Organization's criteria.
Women who consumed whole-grain cereals, as well as those with moderate egg consumption (>1-3 times/week), demonstrated lower risks of gestational diabetes. The adjusted odds ratio for whole-grain cereal consumption was 0.58 (95% CI 0.34-0.97, p=0.003). For moderate egg consumption, it was 0.54 (95% CI 0.34-0.86, p=0.001). Higher weekly intake of pulses/legumes, nuts/seeds, and fried/fast food were also associated with reduced gestational diabetes risk, with adjusted ORs of 0.81, 0.77, and 0.72, respectively (all p-values <0.05). Multiple testing correction revealed that none of the associations reached a significant level. A pattern of consuming varied home-cooked and processed foods, prevalent among older, affluent, educated, urban women, was significantly linked to a reduced risk of an outcome (adjusted odds ratio 0.80, 95% confidence interval 0.64-0.99, p=0.004). BMI was the most significant risk factor for gestational diabetes, potentially mediating the correlation between dietary patterns and the disease.
The high-diversity, urban diet pattern was comprised of the very food groups that were correlated with a lower risk for gestational diabetes. A particular healthy diet plan might not align with the diverse dietary preferences of India. Study findings align with global guidelines advising women to reach a healthy pre-pregnancy body mass index, to broaden their dietary choices to help prevent gestational diabetes, and to adopt policies that make food more accessible and affordable.
Schlumberger's philanthropic arm, the Foundation.
The charitable arm of Schlumberger, the Foundation, a crucial part of their business.

While research on BMI trajectories has predominantly examined childhood and adolescence, it has inadvertently omitted the foundational periods of birth and infancy, which also contribute significantly to the development of adult cardiometabolic disease. Our aim was to map BMI trajectories from birth through childhood, and to explore whether these trajectories forecast health outcomes at age 13; and, if they do, to explore if variations exist regarding specific timeframes of early life BMI impacting future health outcomes.
Evaluations of perceived stress and psychosomatic symptoms were combined with examinations of cardiometabolic risk factors (BMI, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, pulse-wave velocity, and white blood cell counts) in participants from schools in Sweden's Vastra Gotaland region. We acquired a retrospective dataset of ten weight and height measurements, obtained for children from birth to twelve years of age. Participants for the analyses were those with a minimum of five measurements. These measurements comprised one at birth, one assessment between the ages of six and eighteen months, two further assessments between the ages of two and eight years, and a final measurement between the ages of ten and thirteen. To characterize BMI trajectory patterns, we employed group-based trajectory modeling. We further used ANOVA to compare these different trajectories, and linear regression to analyze the associated factors.
Among the participants recruited were 1902 individuals, including 829 boys (representing 44% of the total) and 1073 girls (representing 56%), with a median age of 136 years (interquartile range of 133 to 138 years). We determined and classified participants based on three BMI trajectories, specifically normal gain (847 participants, 44%), moderate gain (815 participants, 43%), and excessive gain (240 participants, 13%). Prior to the age of two, the factors contributing to the differentiation of these trajectories became established. Controlling for variables such as sex, age, migration status, and parental income, respondents demonstrating excessive weight gain presented with a larger waist size (mean difference 1.92 meters [95% confidence interval 1.84-2.00 meters]), elevated systolic blood pressure (mean difference 3.6 millimeters of mercury [95% confidence interval 2.4-4.4 millimeters of mercury]), increased white blood cell counts (mean difference 0.710 cells per liter [95% confidence interval 0.4-0.9 cells per liter]), and elevated stress levels (mean difference 11 [95% confidence interval 2-19]), despite comparable pulse-wave velocity measurements compared to adolescents with normal weight gain. Adolescents exhibiting moderate weight gain demonstrated greater waist circumferences (mean difference 64 cm [95% CI 58-69]), elevated systolic blood pressures (mean difference 18 mm Hg [95% CI 10-25]), and heightened stress scores (mean difference 0.7 [95% CI 0.1-1.2]), when compared to those with normal weight gain. Analysis of timeframes revealed a noteworthy positive correlation between early life BMI and systolic blood pressure, beginning at approximately six years of age for individuals with substantial weight gain, significantly earlier than for those with normal or moderate weight gain, who began showing this correlation at around twelve years of age. NG25 The three BMI trajectories exhibited a parallel trend in the timeframe durations related to waist circumference, white blood cell counts, stress, and psychosomatic symptoms.
Excessive BMI growth from infancy to adolescence can be an indicator of both cardiometabolic risk and stress-induced psychosomatic issues in children before the age of 13.
A grant from the Swedish Research Council, identified by reference 2014-10086.
We acknowledge the grant from the Swedish Research Council, specifically reference 2014-10086.

Mexico's 2000 proclamation of an obesity epidemic spurred an early adoption of public policy grounded in natural experiments, though the effect on high BMI has not been thoroughly researched. Because of the long-lasting consequences of childhood obesity, we direct our efforts towards children under five years old.